This paper proposes a fiber-optic vibration sensor based on the Sagnac interference principle. The polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) is spliced between two single mode fibers (SMFs) to form the SMF-PMF-SMF (SPS) fiber structure. Optical parameters such as light intensity, phase, polarization state, or light frequency will change when external vibration is applied on the sensing fiber. Heating the material enables the trapped states to interact with phonons and decay into lower-energy. Distributed Fiber Optic Vibration Sensing (DVS) is an advanced optical sensing technology that uses single-mode optical fiber (SMF, G652 recommended) as both the sensing medium and signal transmission carrier. Three sensors presented make use of non-contact vibration measurement method with plastic fiber using distinct designs, improvement of the. Fiber optic sensors play a key role in developing the communication system to sense & measure the change within phase, data transmission rate, wavelength, intensity, noise, uneven environmental conditions, extreme heat, high vibration, etc.
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