A complete fiber optic patch cable consists of the bare optical fiber protected by multiple structural layers. Core: The central transmission medium. Cladding: A secondary glass layer surrounding the core. Fiber optic cables are designed to provide high-speed, no-signal-loss, and EMI-free communication in telecommunication, powergrid, datacenter, broadband, and industrial applications. Each optical cable is constructed using a precise combination of optical fibers, strength members, buffer tubes. Fiber optic cables have taken the position as the major transport medium in modern high-speed communication systems. So, let's break it down! The core is the primary part of a Fiber optic cable.